REFERENCES
for the above links
Bland, Jeffrey S., et al, Clinical Nutrition, A Fucntional Approach, The Institute of Functional Medicine, Gig Harbor, WA; 2004:302.
Garrison, R. & Somer, E., Nutrition Desk Reference, Keats Publishing, New Caanan, CT; 1995:65
Groff, J.L., Gropper, S.S., Hunt, S.M., Advanced Nutrition and human Metabolism, West Publishing, Minneapolis, MN; 1995:222.
Pelton, R., et al, Drug Induced Nutrition Depletion Handbook. 2nd Edition, LexiComp, Inc. & Natural Resources; 2001:591. |
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Sulfur ~ S+
PROMOTES
Normal Insulin
Energy Production
Vitamin B Synthesis
Cell Membrane Health
Antioxidant Activity
PROTECTS AGAINST
Insulin Resistance
Fatigue
Low Thiamine and Biotin Levels
There is no RDA for sulfur and the predominant source for this mineral is protein rich foods.
Overview
Sulfur is a yellow non-metal and has been known through the ages. It is in the chalcogen group and is number 16 on the atomic table.
Sulfur is an essential minor mineral. The body must have sulfur predominantly to determine the structure and shape as well as the function of proteins. Sulfur containing amino acids strengthen and stabilize proteins by creating links between them formed by disulfide bonds. The four sulfur containing amino acids in the body are cysteine, cystine, methionine and taurine. Keratine, a protein of hair and skin, and insulin are the most sulfur prevalent proteins, although all proteins in the body contain some sulfur.
Collegen is a mucopolysaccharide whose structure is dependent on sulfur. Chondrointin sulfate is another mucopolysacchoride compound found at high levels in joint tissues.
The liver synthesizes anticoagulant proteins containing sulfur to prevent hypercoagulability of the blood and unwanted clot formation. Heparin is one of these.
Deficiency Symptoms
In the advanced stages of starvation with profound muscle destruction, sulfur deficiency can occur. Proteins in general would not be available for tissue, enzyme and hormone generation and organ failure would be eminent.
Drugs That Deplete:
No drugs have been identified as depleting the nutrient.
Food Prep To Retain:
Not destroyed by cooking or precessing, it is released in burning protein material.
Food Sources:
-Protein rich foods predominantly
-Garlic
-Onions
Fortified Foods Available:
None
Function in the Body:
Two polypeptide chains of specific sequencing of amino acids are joined by two disulfide bonds to form insulin.
Sulfur is an important component of Coenzyme A which is essential in metabolism and the generation of energy in the body.
Sulfur is part of the biochemical activity of thiamine (vitamin B1) and biotin (vitamin B5 or Bw) as well as lipoic acid. Lipoic acid is an important antioxidant and protects cell membranes as it interacts with vitamin C. It is essential in mitochondrial dehydrogenase reactions in the production of energy.
Other Facts:
Elemental sulfur is not taken as a supplement, but is a component of many dietary compounds. Some of the B complex vitamins contain sulfur.
Certain food, such as garlic and onions, can attribute their strong smell to large amounts of sulfur.
Burning flesh, hair , nails and feathers smell of the sulfur released from their proteins.
Recommended Dietary Allowance:
There is no set RDA -recommended dietary allowance- for sulfur.
Toxic Doses:
No toxicity is found with sulfur. The excesses are cleared by the kidneys and excreted in the urine.
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